How is a formal complaint typically characterized?

A formal complaint is characterized as a written document. This format is essential because it provides a clear and official way to present the details of the complaint, ensuring that all necessary information is documented accurately. Written complaints often include specific allegations, context, and any supporting evidence, which makes it easier for the receiving agency or authority to review the information thoroughly.

In contrast, verbal submissions lack the permanence and clarity that a written format offers, making it harder to refer back to the details of the complaint later. Anonymous complaints, while sometimes allowed, can hinder the investigation process since the receiving party may need further information from the complainant. Lastly, filing directly with the police is not a typical avenue for formal complaints made in an organizational context, such as military or workplace environments, where established internal processes are preferred for handling such issues.